Analisis Penguatan Kapasitas Sumber Daya Manusia Berbasis Ability–Motivation Opportunity (Amo) pada Kantor Wilayah Badan Pertanahan Nasional Provinsi Aceh

Abstract

The Regional Office of the National Land Agency (BPN) of Aceh Province facesincreasing complexity in land administration, rising performance demands, and organizational transformation, all of which require effective human resource capacity management. However, the organization lacks a structured empirical understanding of employees’ ability, motivation, and opportunity (AMO) as an integrated basis for human resource capacity strengthening. This study aims to map the AMO profile of employees, examine their perceptions of human resource management (HRM) practices, identify enabling and constraining factors, and formulate recommendations for strengthening human resource capacity. An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was employed, involving a census survey of 79 employees followed by semi-structured interviews with five structural officials. Quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated using the joint display technique. The results indicate that Motivation was rated Very Good (4.31), Ability was rated Good (4.19), and Opportunity received the lowest score among the three dimensions, although it remained within the Good category (3.79). Employees’ overall perception of HRM practices was also classified as Good (4.11). The integration of quantitative and qualitative findings across 19 aspects revealed that expansion was the predominant integration pattern (70%). Cross-dimensional analysis further showed that leadership simultaneously influences all three AMO dimensions; however, its impact remains highly dependent on individual leaders rather than being institutionalized within organizational systems. Based on these findings, the study proposes ten context-specific recommendations for strengthening human resource capacity using the AMO framework.