Analisis Tradisi Fame’e dan Famotu Niowalu dalam Perkawinan Adat Nias di Desa Duria Kabupaten Nias Barat

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the procedural execution and symbolic significance of the Fame’e and Famotu Niowalu traditions within Nias customary marriage in Duria Village, West Nias Regency. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. Research informants included customary leaders, Satua Ndra’alawe (female elders), and the Village Head, selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the Fame’e and Famotu Niowalu traditions are mandatory customary stages performed prior to the wedding celebration. The traditional procession encompasses family preparations, the execution of Fame’e, the delivery of counsel (Famotu) to the Niowalu (bride), the offering of blessings, the handing over of the bride to the groom's family, and a customary feast. These traditions hold symbolic meaning as a medium for transmitting cultural values, showing respect for parents and family, fostering responsibility in married life, symbolizing the woman's change in status, and providing social and customary legitimacy for the marrying couple. However, there is a lack of understanding among the younger generation regarding the meaning and philosophical values ​​of the Fame’e and Famotu Niowalu traditions. This is due to the influence of modernization which has led to the simplification of certain customary stages a scarcity of customary leaders who fully master the complete procedural details, and shifts in community mindsets that tend to prioritize time and cost efficiency over the full observance of custom.